TRANSLATIONS -
The
Latin translation of Thirukural made by Constanzo Beschi in 1730 did much to
make known to European intellectuals the richness and beauty of Oriental Tamil
literature. One of the earliest commentaries on the Thirukural was by Parimelazhagar,
belonging to the 12th century. His commentary (Urai) give us an idea of the
amount of information contained in each and every kural. A lot of software are
available these days for installing Kurals in desktops. The software based
Kural (poem) changes each day and you get the kural and its explanation in both
English and Tamil.
An
English Translation of Tirukural by GU Pope brought the Tirukkural to the
western world in 1886. This work is the first translation to the English
language.
The
following is a list of translations/commentaries of the Tamil literary classic
THIRUKURAL - taken out from the Encyclopaedia of Tamil Literature, vol. 1,
Inst. of Asian Studies, Thiruvanmayur, Tamil Nadu, India.
01)
Arabic 02) Bangla 03) Burmese 04) Chinese 05) Czech 06) Dutch 07) English 08)
Fiji 09) Finnish 10) French 11) German 12) Gujarati 13) Hindi 14) Hungarian 15)
Italian 16) Japanese 17) Kannada 18) Konkani 19) Korean 20) Latin 21) Malay 22)
Malayalam 23) Marathi 24) Nederlands 25) Norwegian 26) Oriya 27) Polish 28)
Punjabi 29) Rajasthani 30) Russian 31) Sanskrit 32) Saurashtra 33) Sinhalese
34) Spanish 35) Swedish 36) Telugu 37) Urdu
BENGALI
• Nalini Mohan, Sanyal, thirukural,
Calcutta, 1939
• Sastri, E.C., thirukural, Calcutta, 1974
• Krishnamoorthy, S. Calcutta, 2001
ASSAMESE
• Dr Malini Goswami, thirukural, Assam
Publication Board, Guwahati 2012
BURMESE
• Myo Thant, U, Thirukural, Rangoon
CHINESE
• Cheng Xi 程曦, Gula Zhenyan 古臘箴言, Hong Kong:
Xianggang daxue chubanshe 香港大學出版社,
1967.
• Yu Hsi, Taipei, Taiwan, 2 December 2010.
Book released by Former President of India, Dr APJ Abdulkalam.
CZECH
• Zvelebil, Kamil V, Thirukural
(selections), Prague, 1952–1954
DUTCH
• Kat, D, Thirukural (selections),
Netherlands, 1964
ENGLISH
• V.V.S, Kural: Maxims of thiruvalluvar,
4th ed, Madras, 1961
• Balasubramanian, K.M, Thirukural of
thiruvalluvar, Madras, 1962
• Chakravarthi, A, thirukural in English
with commentary, Madras, 1953
• Drew, H.W., The kural of thiruvalluvar
with commentary of Parimelazhakar, Madras, 1840
• Drew, H.W. and Lazarus, J., Thirukural
(in verses), Reprint, Madras, 1956
• Ellis, F.W., thirukural on virtue (in
verse) with commentary, 1812, reprint Madras 1955
• Gajapathy Nayagar, A, The rosary of gems
of Thirukural, Madras, 1969
• Stalin Srinivasan, Thirukural: an
ancient Tamil classic (in couplets), Bombay, 1969
• Mathavaiyah, A, Kural in English with
commentary in Tamil, Madras, 1925
• Michael, S.M., The sacred aphorisms of
thiruvalluvar (in verse), Nagarcoil, 1928
• Muthuswamy, P, Thirukural in English,
Madurai, 1965
• Parameswaran Aiyar, T.V., 108 gems from
the sacred Kural, Kottayam, 1928
• Parameswaran Pillai, V.K., kural, Madras
• Pope, G.U, A collection of the English
translation of thirukural, Madras, 1959
• Popely, H.A., The sacred Kural
(selections in verses), Calcutta, 1951
• Raja, P, thirukural (in verses),
Kumbakonam, 1950
• Rajagopalachari, C, kural, the great
book of thiruvalluvar, Madras, 1937, 3rd ed, 1973
• Ramachandra Dikshithar, V.R., thirukural
in English with roman translation, Madras, 1949
• Ranganatha Muthaliar, A: thirukural
moolamum uraiyum with English translation, Madras, 1933
• Thangaswami, T.D, thirukural (selections
in verse), Madras, 1954
• Thirunavukarasu, Mrs, T., Kural a
selection of 366 verses (a gem for each day), Poona, 1916
• Vadivel chettiar, K, kural in English
with Tamil text and parimelazhakar commentary,(3parts), Madurai, 1972–1980
• Vanmikinathan, G, the thirukural - a
unique guide to moral, material and spiritual prosperity, trichy, 1969
• Yogi Shuddananda Bharati, Thirukural
with English couplets, Madras, 1968
• Yogi Shuddananda Bharati, Thirukural
couplets with clear prose rendering, Madras, 1970
FIJIAN
• Berwick, S.L, Na. Thirukurala, Fiji,
1964
• Geraghty, Paul. Tirukurali, Fiji, 2008
FINNISH
• Aalto, Pentit, Kural - the ancient Tamil
classic, Finland, 1972
FRENCH
• Ariel, M, kural de thiruvalluvar
(traduits du tamoul), Paris, 1848
• Barrigue de, Fontaineu, G, le livre de
l'amour de thiruvalluva, Paris, 1889
• Danielou, Alain, thiruvallouvar kural,
Pondicherry, 1942
• Jacolliot, Louis, kural de
thiruvalluvar, selections, Paris, 1767
• Lamairesse, M, thirukural in French,
Pondicherry, 1867
• Gros, François, Le Livre de l'Amour,
Gallimard, Collection UNESCO, Paris, 1992
• Sangeelee, M, Tiroukkoural, Editions de
L'Ocean Indien, 1988
GERMAN
• Albrecht, Fenz and K. Lalithambal:
thirukural von thiruvalluvar aus dem Tamil, Madurai, 1977
• Albert Schweitzer
• Cammera, A.F, thirukural waith German
translation, Leipzig, 1803
• Graul, Karl, der kural des
thiruvalluvar, London, 1854
• Graul, Karl, der tamu lische gnomes
dichtar thiruvalluvar, Leipzig, 1865
• Rickert, Friederich, thirukural,
selections, Berlin, 1847
• William and Norgate, Der kural des
thiruvalluvar, 2nd ed, London, 1866
GUJARATI
• Kalani, Kantilal L., thirukural in
Gujarati, Bombay, 1971 (Gujarti - Philosopher - Writer in Gujarati Literature -
[1930-1998].
HINDI
• Sankar Raju Naidu, S, thirukural in
Hindi, Madras, 1958
• Seshadri, K, thirukural in Hindi,
Lucknow, 1982
• Govindarai Shastri Jain, Kural in verse,
first two parts, New Delhi, 1942
• Jain, B.D, thirukural, thirupananthal,
1961
• Khenand Rakar, thirukural, parts 1 and
2, Ajmer, 1924
• Rajan Pillai, thirukural, Lucknow, 1976
• Venkatakrishnan, M.G, thirukural,
Trichy, 1964
JAPANESE
• Shuzo Matsunaga, Thirukural, Osaka,
Japan, August 1981
KANNADA
• Gundappa, L, thirukural (3 parts),
Madras, 1960
• Gundappa, L, thirukural dharma bhaga,
Bangalore, 1955
• Srinivas, P.S, thirukural with original
couplets and translations in Kannada, Madurai, 1982
• Srikanthaiah, B.M, Kural (selections in
verses), bangalore, 1940
LATIN
• Graul, Charles, Kural of thiruvalluvar,
Tranquebar, 1866
• Veeramamunivar, thirukural (Books I and
II), London, 1730 Veeramamunivar
MALAY
• Dr.G.Soosai Ph.D,J.P.,P.P.N,P.K.T.,Thirukural
Kitab Murni Tamil Nadu.,Kuala Lumpur,1978 & 1991
• Ismail, Hussein: thirukural sastera
kalasik Tamil yang, Kuala Lumpur, 1967
• Ramily Bin Thakir thirukural (in verses),
Kuala Lumpur, 1964
MALAYALAM
• Azhakathu Kurup, thirukural in verses,
Trivandrum, 1875
• Balakrishna Nair, G, Kural waith
commentary, Part I, Trivandrum, 1963
• Chellan Nadar, K, thirukural
tharmanaskantam, Parassala, 1962
• Damodaran Pillai,P, thirukural manikal,
Trivandrum, 1951
• Gopalakurup, Vennikulam, thirukural
(first 2 parts in verse), Kottayam, 1960
• Govinda Pillai, A, thirukural,
Trivandrum
• Thirukural Malayalam Vivarthanam
Published by DC Books Kottayam Written By S. Ramesan Nair
ORIYA
• Kishrod, Dash Ch, thirukuralu-in oriya
language, Sampalbur, 1985
PUNJABI
• Ram Murti Sharma, thirukural dhamma
granth of the tamils, Chandigarh, 1983
POLISH
• Umadevi, Wandy Dynowskiev, thiruvalluvar
kural, Madras, 1958
RAJASTHANI
• Kamala Gurg, thirukural needhi sastra,
Jaipur, 1982
RUSSIAN
• Glazov, J.J. and Krishnamurthi, A,
thirukural, a book on virtu, politics and love, Moscow, 1963
• Ibragimov, A., Thirukural in couplets
with illustrations, Moscow, 1974
SANSKRIT
• Govindarai Shastri Jain, Kural in verse,
first two parts, New Delhi, 1942.
• Srirama Desikan, S.N, thirukural in
Sanskrit slokas, Madras, 1961, 1968
SAURASHTRA
• Ram, S.S, Saurastra thirukural payiram -
pitika pragaranam, Madurai, 1980
SINHALA
• De Silva, Charles, Sirigiya (thirukural
in sinhalese), Colombo, 1964
• Sissigamy Govokgada, M, thirukural,
Colombo, 1961
SWEDISH
• Frykholm Ingya, thirukural, Uddavalla,
1971
TELUGU
• Jagannatha Sastri, Mudiganthi,
thiruvalluvar sookthulu, West Godavari, 1952
• Lakshminarayana Sastri, Kural, chittoor,
1906
URDU
• Kohan, Muhamad Yusuf, Kural in Urdu and
Arabic, Madras, 1976
• Surawathi Hasarat, Kural in Urdu, New
Delhi, 1966